Adventistische Schriften über: "Are there biblical passages in which Babylon, as in Revelation 11, is called Egypt? Does this indicate that Babylon had the same godless attitude as Egypt, whose Pharaoh denied God, similar to during the French Revolution?"

In Revelation 11 the \"great city\" in which the two witnesses are killed is spiritually called \"Egypt\", which prophetically represents open atheism and the denial of God—just as the Pharaoh once asked, \"Who is the Lord?\" This attitude was historically fulfilled in a striking way during the French Revolution, when a nation by law repudiated the existence of God. At the same time, Adventist interpreters also link this term \"great city\" with the mystical Babylon (the papal Rome), because Egypt and Sodom in Scripture serve as models and symbols for nations that live in godlessness and rebellion against God.

Spiritual Egypt as a Symbol for Atheism and the French Revolution

»The \"great city\", in whose streets the witnesses are killed and where their bodies lie, is \"spiritually Egypt\". Of all the nations depicted in biblical history, Egypt most boldly denied the existence of the living God and rebelled against His commandments. No monarch ever dared a more open and presumptuous rebellion against the authority of Heaven than the king of Egypt. When the message of Moses was delivered to him in the name of the Lord, Pharaoh proudly replied, \"Who is Jehovah that I should obey His voice to let Israel go? I do not know Jehovah, and I will not let Israel go.\" [...] This is atheism; and the nation represented by Egypt would express a similar denial of the claims of the living God and display a similar spirit of unbelief and defiance. [...] This prophecy has found an extremely precise and striking fulfillment in the history of France. During the 1793 Revolution, the world for the first time heard a gathering of people [...] raise their united voice to deny the most solemn truth received by the human soul and to unanimously abandon belief in the deity and its worship.«

1 - Ellen Gould White, The Great Controversy (1888 ed.) (GC88 269.2)

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The Mystical Babylon and the Reason for Its Designation as Sodom and Egypt

»And the great city was divided into three parts, and the cities of the nations fell: and the great Babylon came before God’s memory to give it the cup of the wine of the grim of His wrath. Again: And another angel followed and said, Babylon has fallen, the great city has fallen, because it caused all nations to drink the wine of the wrath of its immorality. Then this great city is the mystical Babylon. Yes, that is Rome under papal rule. Why is it called Sodom and Egypt? Because the Holy Spirit has made it a model or symbol for other cities or nations that would thereafter live as it had lived.«

2 - Signs of the Times [J.V. Himes], The Advent Herald, and Signs of the Times Reporter [Himes], vol. 3 (HST November 1, 1840, page 119.36)

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The Sin of Egypt and the Pharaoh’s Cry in France

»\"Streets of the great city.\" Paris. \"Spiritually it is called Sodom.\" [...] It is also spiritually called \"Egypt.\" The screaming sin of Egypt was its atheism. \"Who is the Lord that I should let the people go? I do not know the Lord, nor will I let the people go,\" was the Pharaoh’s language. The same was true in France. A non‑believer declared, after the existence of God had been denied, that he and his companions \"detested God.\«

3 - Josiah Litch, An Address to the Public, and Especially the Clergy (APEC 129.4)

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